1: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):125-6. 

Clinical evolution of neuroretinitis in Parry-Romberg syndrome.

de Crecchio G, Forte R, Strianese D, Rinaldi M, D\'Aponte A.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131,
Naples, Italy.

A 16-year-old girl with Parry-Romberg syndrome presented with monolateral
exudative neuroretinitis and retinal telangiectasis that had been observed for
42 months. She was treated with immunosuppressive therapy with A-cyclosporine
for 1 year, followed by laser treatment of telangiectasis. Her visual acuity
improved from 20/200 to 20/70 in 1 year with a reduction of neuroretinal
exudation. Laser treatment resulted in a further improvement of visual acuity to
20/40. Clinical findings remained unchanged during 2 years of follow-up. The
association of immunosuppressive treatment and laser therapy may improve
neuroretinal disease in the presence of Parry-Romberg syndrome.

Publication Types:
    Case Reports

PMID: 18404964 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

2: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):122-4. 

Multiple pilomatrixomas affecting the eyelid and face.

Gunduz K, Ecel M, Erden E.

Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara,
Turkey.

A 3-year-old girl presented with a right upper eyelid mass. The lesion had a
reddish appearance, was firm to palpation, and was fixed to underlying tissues.
Fourteen months after the lesion was excised, a similar lesion was discovered on
the left side of the nose and was also excised. Histopathologic examination of
the excised tumors revealed variable basophilic hair matrix cells and sheets of
nonviable eosinophilic shadow cells. Foci of dystrophic calcification were also
seen in the necrotic tumor areas. The histopathologic findings were found to be
consistent with pilomatrixoma. Results of limited clinical work-up of the child
for Gardner\'s syndrome, sarcoidosis, and myotonic dystrophy were negative.
Multiple periocular and facial pilomatrixomas can occur in children in the
clinical absence of myotonic dystrophy, Gardner\'s syndrome, and sarcoidosis.

Publication Types:
    Case Reports

PMID: 18404963 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

3: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):118-20. 

Retinopathy of prematurity treatment and vitreous hemorrhage.

Funnell CL, Simmons IG.

Ophthalmology Department, St. James\'s Hospital, Leeds, Yorkshire, United
Kingdom.

Two cases of hemorrhagic retinopathy of prematurity associated with
thrombocytopenia are presented. The negative prognosis of vitreous hemorrhage in
retinopathy of prematurity and the option of platelet transfusions are
discussed.

Publication Types:
    Case Reports

PMID: 18404962 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

4: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):116-7. 

Ring corneal infiltrate and progressive ring thinning following primary
varicella infection.

Khan AO, Al-Assiri A, Wagoner MD.

Division of Pediatric Ophthalmology, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Unilateral stromal keratitis is a known rare sequela of primary varicella
infection. The authors describe a unique case of immunological (Wessely) ring
formation and progressive ring thinning following primary varicella infection in
a 6-year-old girl.

Publication Types:
    Case Reports

PMID: 18404961 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

5: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):113-5. 

Rhabdomyoma of the orbit.

Li YP, Nie L, Zang WX, Lin JX, Yang HS, Feng GG.

Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University of China, 54 Xianlie Road,
Guangzhou, China.

The authors describe a rare case of orbital rhabdomyoma in a 3-year-old girl who
presented with progressive proptosis of the left eye. An axial computed
tomographic scan of the left orbit demonstrated an irregular retrobulbar mass.
The tumor was resected locally from the lateral wall of the orbit and the
resected specimens were diagnosed as orbital rhabdomyoma. The authors review the
literature and discuss the diagnostic implications and treatment strategies.

Publication Types:
    Case Reports

PMID: 18404960 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

6: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):110-2. 

Fluorescein angiography of iris juvenile xanthogranuloma.

Danzig CJ, Shields CL, Mashayekhi A, Ehya H, Manquez ME, Shields JA.

Oncology Service, Suite 1440, Wills Eye Hospital, 840 Walnut Street,
Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

A 3-year-old boy was referred because of the presence of a non-pigmented, highly
vascular mass with tapioca appearance involving the superior portion of the left
iris. Iris fluorescein angiography revealed early hyperfluorescence of the iris
tumor with diffuse, intense late leakage of dye throughout the entire iris, not
just in the region of the tumor. Cytopathologic examination revealed Touton
giant cells and the presence of histiocytes, confirming the diagnosis of iris
juvenile xanthogranuloma. The patient was prescribed topical prednisolone
acetate, and the lesion resolved during the next 3 months. Fluorescein
angiography may be useful in differentiating iris juvenile xanthogranuloma from
malignant or non-inflammatory benign iris lesions.

Publication Types:
    Case Reports
    Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov\'t

PMID: 18404959 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

7: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):104-8. 

Binocular potential score: a novel concept.

Singh V, Panday M, Agarwal S.

Department of Ophthalmology King George\' Medical University, Lucknow, India.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the predictive value of an objective system for
preoperative binocular potential scoring on the postoperative outcome in
horizontal concomitant strabismus. METHODS: A prospective interventional study
of 100 patients undergoing surgery for horizontal concomitant strabismus was
conducted. The binocular potential score (BPS) was evaluated on the basis of age
of onset, duration, intermittency, variability, vision, and responses on
synoptophore and Worth four-dot test. Patients were grouped according four
grades (I = the best and IV = the weakest). The surgical outcome was evaluated
by binocular function and ocular alignment. RESULTS: All patients with a BPS of
grade I maintained good binocular function postoperatively. Within-grade
analysis revealed a statistically significant improvement in postoperative
binocular function in patients with a BPS of grade II (P = .0047), grade III (P
= .0030), and grade IV (P = .0143). Grade comparisons showed significant
differences between grades II and IV (P = .00) and grades III and IV (P =
.0005), but not between grades II and III. CONCLUSIONS: The BPS is a useful tool
for predicting surgical outcome and it may be valuable to conduct multicentric
trials using this objective measurement.

Publication Types:
    Case Reports

PMID: 18404958 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

8: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):98-103. 

A pilot study of the value of prism adaptation in planning strabismus
reoperations.

Kassem RR.

Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of prism adaptation in planning strabismus
reoperations. METHODS: Of 15 patients with persistent strabismus, 9 underwent
prism adaptation prior to strabismus reoperation and 6 underwent strabismus
reoperation without preoperative prism adaptation. Corrective surgery was
performed on the same or new muscles. Follow-up ranged from 3 months to 2 years.
A horizontal deviation of 10 prism diopters or less was considered a successful
outcome. Statistical analysis of the results was done. RESULTS: Of the 9
patients who had prism adaptation, 3 (33%) were responders and 6 (67%) were
nonresponders. A successful outcome was achieved in 6 patients (67%) who had
prism adaptation and 3 patients (50%) who did not. The difference between groups
was statistically insignificant (P > .05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest
that the benefits of prism adaptation are not significant enough to justify the
time consumption and expenses of this test when planning strabismus
reoperations, but a larger group of patients should be studied.

PMID: 18404957 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

9: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):92-6. 

Higher order aberrations in children with amblyopia.

Kirwan C, O\'Keefe M.

The Children\'s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

PURPOSE: To quantify and characterize higher order aberrations in eyes of
children with amblyopia. METHODS: Higher order aberrations were measured in a
group of children using the iTrace Visual Function Analyzer (Tracey
Technologies, Houston, TX). Children involved in the study had unilateral
amblyopia secondary to strabismus or anisometropia. RESULTS: Thirty children
between 6 and 17 years old (mean: 10.7 years) were studied. Fifteen children had
strabismic and 15 had anisometropic amblyopia. No statistically significant
difference was found in mean root mean square values of total higher order
aberrations, coma, spherical, higher order astigmatism, trefoil, or 3rd, 4th,
5th, or 6th order terms of normal and amblyopic eyes. CONCLUSION: Higher order
aberrations are similar in amblyopic eyes due to strabismus or anisometropia and
normal fellow eyes. Unlike lower order aberrations such as sphere and cylinder,
higher order aberrations are unlikely to play a role in the development of
amblyopia.

PMID: 18404956 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

10: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):85-9; quiz 90-1. 

Comment in:
    J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):77.

The frequency of ocular abnormalities in inpatient pediatric ophthalmology
consultations.

Hasan SJ, Yen KG, Parghi CR, Castanes MS, Edmond JC.

Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Cullen Eye Institute,
Houston, TX 77030, USA.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency, type, and results of pediatric
ophthalmology service consultations at a tertiary care children\'s hospital and
to offer advice as to the timing of the initial consultation based on the
patient\'s diagnosis and likelihood of ocular disease, METHOD: A retrospective
evaluation of inpatient ophthalmology consultations from September 1, 2003, to
August 31, 2004, at Texas Children\'s Hospital was conducted. Patients were
identified using the Current Procedural Terminology listing of billing codes for
various levels of service for new initial inpatient consultations. RESULTS:
During the 1-year period, 445 new inpatient consultations were requested from
the pediatric ophthalmology service, primarily to rule out ophthalmic problems
or manifestations (55.9%) and to evaluate ocular complaints or ocular
abnormalities as noted by the primary team (44.1%). Of the 445 patients, 215
(48.3%) were found to have ocular abnormalities and 230 (51.7%) had no ocular
abnormalities at the time of initial consultation. CONCLUSION: Patients with
ocular signs or symptoms of disease should receive urgent ophthalmic
consultation. Consideration should be given to the usefulness of urgent
consultations in patients suspected of having fungemia, sepsis, and headache.

PMID: 18404955 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

11: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):78-84. 

Ocular infections due to anaerobic bacteria in children.

Brook I.

Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

The recent increased recovery of anaerobic bacteria from children has led to
greater appreciation of the role these organisms play in pediatric infections at
all body sites, including the eye. In studies that employed adequate methods for
recovery of anaerobes, they were isolated from approximately one-third of the
children with conjunctivitis, half of the time in pure culture. The predominant
recovered anaerobes were Clostridium spp., gram-negative anaerobic bacilli, and
Peptostreptococcus spp. Anaerobic bacteria were also recovered from patients who
wore contact lenses and developed conjunctivitis, and were reported in cases of
keratitis. The most frequently recovered anaerobes were Propionibacterium spp.,
Peptostreptococcus spp., Clostridium spp., Prevotella spp., and Fusobacterium
spp. The most frequently recovered anaerobes from dacryocystitis were
Peptostreptococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp., Prevotella spp., and
Fusobacterium spp. This review describes the microbiology, diagnosis, and
management of ocular infections due to anaerobic bacteria in children.

Publication Types:
    Review

PMID: 18404954 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

12: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):77. 

Comment on:
    J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):85-9; quiz 90-1.

Pediatric ophthalmologic consultations in a children\'s hospital setting.

Wagner RS.

Publication Types:
    Comment
    Editorial

PMID: 18404953 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

13: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):76, 103. 

What\'s your diagnosis? Juvenile xanthogranuloma of the iris.

Ledoux DM.

Publication Types:
    Case Reports

PMID: 18404952 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

14: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2008 Mar-Apr;45(2):72-4. 

Conjunctivitis.

Coats D, Medow N.

Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Publication Types:
    Interview

PMID: 18404951 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]