1: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):176. 

Fibrin glue in ophthalmology.

Kumar N, Al Sabti K.

Publication Types:
    Comment
    Letter

PMID: 20195057  [PubMed - in process]

2: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):175-6. 

Phrynoderma and night blindness.

Murthy SR, Prabhakaran VC.

Publication Types:
    Letter

PMID: 20195056  [PubMed - in process]

3: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):173-5. 

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography predates fluorescein angiography in
diagnosing central serous chorioretinopathy.

Gupta V, Gupta A, Gupta P.

Publication Types:
    Letter

PMID: 20195055  [PubMed - in process]

4: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):172-3. 

Developing paediatric eye care teams in India.

Murthy R, Pyda G, Khanna RC, Rao GV.

Publication Types:
    Letter

PMID: 20195054  [PubMed - in process]

5: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):171; author reply 172. 

Gains beyond cosmesis: recovery of fusion and stereopsis in adults with
longstanding strabismus following successful surgical realignment.

Santhan Gopal KS.

Publication Types:
    Comment
    Letter

PMID: 20195053  [PubMed - in process]

6: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):170-1. 

Pneumatic displacement and intravitreal bevacizumab for management of submacular
hemorrhage in choroidal neovascular membrane.

Agarwal M, Chaudhary SP, Narula R, Rajpal S.

Publication Types:
    Comment
    Letter

PMID: 20195052  [PubMed - in process]

7: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):169; author reply 169. 

Ocular toxicity of Calotropis--missing links.

Lakhtakia S, Dwivedi PC, Choudhary P, Chalisgaonkar C, Rahud J.

Publication Types:
    Comment
    Letter

PMID: 20195051  [PubMed - in process]

8: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):168-9. 

Is balanced salt solution really superior to ringer lactate for
phacoemulsification?

Gogate P, Deshpande M.

Publication Types:
    Comment
    Letter

PMID: 20195050  [PubMed - in process]

9: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):167; author reply 167. 

Collagen cross-linkage with riboflavin by Dr. Vinay Agarwal.

Maskati QB.

Publication Types:
    Comment
    Letter

PMID: 20195049  [PubMed - in process]

10: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):167-8. 

Comments on: Central serous chorioretinopathy after dacryocystorhinostomy
operation on the same side.

Roy P.

Publication Types:
    Comment
    Letter

PMID: 20195048  [PubMed - in process]

11: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):164-6. 

Ophthalmoparesis, papillitis and premacular hemorrhage in a case with
endocarditis: a rare presentation of Brucellosis.

Sahin OG, Pelit A, Turunc T, Akova YA.

Department of Ophthalmology and Infectious Diseases, Middle East Technical
University, Ankara-064 50, Turkey.

We report a rare presentation of brucellosis as bilateral optic nerve and right
abducent nerve involvement, and endocarditis complicated by right premacular
hemorrhage in a 28-year-old white female. The patient showed improvement with
both medical and surgical therapy. Brucellosis should be considered in the
differential diagnosis of papillitis, gaze palsy and endocarditis complicated
with premacular hemorrhage in endemic regions.

PMID: 20195047  [PubMed - in process]

12: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):162-4. 

Fungal keratitis in lattice dystrophy.

Chatterjee S, Agrawal D.

Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, MGM Eye Institute, 5th Mile, Vidhan Sabha
Road, Raipur, India.

We report a case of fungal keratitis occurring in a patient with lattice
dystrophy. A 57-year-old farmer presented with a corneal ulcer following
probable entry of paddy husk in the right eye, of one month duration. Corneal
scraping revealed pigmented fungal filaments while culture grew Alternaria
alternata. Treatment with 5% natamycin eye drops and 1% atropine healed the
infection in four weeks. We would like to draw attention to the fact that the
cornea in lattice dystrophy is prone to frequent erosions and is a compromised
epithelial barrier to invasion by microorganisms. Patients must be made aware of
this fact and should seek attention at the earliest following any trivial
trauma. Management of minor corneal abrasions in them should be directed at
healing the epithelium with adequate lubricants and preventing infection with
topical antibiotic prophylaxis.

PMID: 20195046  [PubMed - in process]

13: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):160-2. 

Intravitreal bevacizumab for choroidal neovascular membrane associated with
Best's vitelliform dystrophy.

Rishi E, Rishi P, Mahajan S.

Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, 18, College
Road, Chennai-600 006, India.

Best's vitelliform macular dystrophy is a hereditary form of progressive macular
dystrophy that can be complicated by choroidal neovascularization. Authors
report successful treatment of choroidal neovascularization with intravitreal
bevacizumab in one such eye in an 'adult' Indian male with visual improvement. A
23-year-old male presented with diminution of vision in the right eye for the
past sixteen months. Visual acuity was 20/400 in the that eye. After three
consecutive intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 ml), vision
improved to 20/120. Seven months following the last injection of bevacizumab,
fundus appeared stable and visual acuity was maintained. No drug-related ocular
or systemic side effects were encountered. To the best of our knowledge (PubMed
search), this is the first report of its kind in an adult Indian patient.
Intravitreal bevacizumab appears to be a promising and cost-effective modality
of treatment in such eyes with potential for improvement in vision. However, a
long-term follow-up is warranted.

PMID: 20195045  [PubMed - in process]

14: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):157-9. 

Firecracker eye injuries during Deepavali festival: a case series.

Kumar R, Puttanna M, Sriprakash KS, Sujatha Rathod BL, Prabhakaran VC.

Department of Ophthalmology, Minto Ophthalmic Hospital, Bangalore, India.

We report a large series of ocular injuries caused by fire-crackers. This study
was a hospital-based, singlecenter, retrospective case series in which the
records of 51 patients with ocular injuries were analyzed. Injuries were
classified according to Birmingham eye trauma terminology system (BETTS). Visual
outcomes before and after the intervention were recorded. Ten patients were
admitted for further management. As ocular firecracker injuries result in
significant morbidity, public education regarding proper use of firecrackers may
help in reducing the incidence of ocular injuries.

PMID: 20195044  [PubMed - in process]

15: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):155-6. 

Retinocytoma associated with bilateral retinoblastoma.

Naseripour M, Falavarjani KG, Akbarzadeh S.

Iran University Eye Research Center and Eye Department, Rasoul Akram Hospital,
Tehran, Iran.

A 3-year-old girl presented with left exotropia. Funduscopy demonstrated a
retinocytoma associated with five discrete retinoblastomas in the left eye and
three discrete retinoblastomas in her right eye. The clinical manifestations and
fundus imaging findings are described.

PMID: 20195043  [PubMed - in process]

16: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):153-5. 

Clinical profile of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and the role of imaging in
its diagnosis in patients with presumed idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Agarwal P, Kumar M, Arora V.

Department of Neuro Ophthalmology, Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate
Institute of Ophthalmology, India.

Retrospective descriptive study reporting the rate of occurrence of cerebral
venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), highlighting the role of magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV) in patients with presumed
idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Study was conducted in the
department of neuro-ophthalmology at a tertiary eye care center in South India.
Data from 331 patients diagnosed with IIH from June 2005 to September 2007 was
included. Inclusion criteria were: Elevated opening cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
pressure of more than 200 mm of water on lumbar puncture, normal CSF
biochemistry and microbiology,and normal neuroimaging as depicted by computed
tomography(CT) scan. Exclusion criteria were: Space-occupying lesions,
hydrocephalus, meningitis, intracranial pressure within normal range, abnormal
CSF biochemistry and microbiology. The remaining patients were evaluated with
MRI and MRV. CVST was present in 11.4% of patients who were presumed to have IIH
(35/308). MRI alone identified 24 cases (68%) of CVST, while MRI used in
combination with MRV revealed an additional 11 cases (32%). Risk factors
associated with CVST were identified in nine out of 35 patients (26%). CVST may
be misdiagnosed as IIH if prompt neuroimaging by MRI and MRV is not undertaken.
Risk factors of CVST may not be apparent in all the cases and these patients are
liable to be missed if CT scan alone is used for neuroimaging, hence MRI,
combined with MRV should be undertaken to rule out CVST.

PMID: 20195042  [PubMed - in process]

17: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):151-2. 

Idiopathic pediatric retinal artery occlusion.

Manayath GJ, Shah PK, Narendran V, Morris RJ.

Department of Retina, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of
Ophthalmology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

We report a case of branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) in a healthy young
girl. An eight-year-old girl presented with sudden loss of vision in her left
eye. She had a pale retina with macular edema consistent with extensive BRAO. A
thorough workup was performed to determine any etiologic factor. All test
results were within normal limits. Her visual acuity improved from finger
counting to 20/40 over two weeks, on immediate treatment with intravenous
steroids (methyl prednisolone). This case suggests that BRAO can occur in
healthy children without any detectable systemic or ocular disorders and a
dramatic improvement may be achieved with prompt treatment with intravenous
steroids.

PMID: 20195041  [PubMed - in process]

18: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):148-50. 

A case of unusual presentation of Takayasu's arteritis.

Das D, Mondal KK, Ray B, Chakrabarti A.

Department of Ophthalmology, R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata,
India.

Takayasu's arteritis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large and
medium-sized arteries. It commonly involves the aorta with its branches and the
pulmonary arteries. The retinal hemodynamics suggest that the carotid artery
involvement causes diminished retinal blood flow. This is the pathogenetic
mechanism of Takayasu's retinopathy with characteristic features of
microaneurysms, arterio-venous anastomosis and non-perfused retinal areas. Our
case presented as branch retinal artery occlusion with collaterals and iris
neovascularization. The branch retinal artery, a small retinal artery occlusion
in our case is an unusual presenting feature of Takayasu's aorto-arteritis.

PMID: 20195040  [PubMed - in process]

19: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):147-8. 

Cystoid macular edema and visual loss as sequelae to interferon alpha treatment
of systemic hepatitis C.

Sheth HG, Michaelides M, Siriwardena D.

Moorfields Eye Hospital, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, United Kingdom.

Hepatitis C virus infection and interferon treatment may be associated with
retinopathy but visual function is generally unaffected. This paper reports the
rare occurrence of unilateral macular edema with visual loss. We present an
interventional case report with fundus photograph and optical coherence
tomography (OCT). A 48-year-old white male with hepatitis C, treated with a
six-month course of pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin, complained of
gradual reduction in the vision of his left eye. Visual acuities were 20/16
right and 20/400 left with clinical examination and OCT confirming cystoid
macular edema. This report shows that cystoid macular edema may rarely occur in
association with hepatitis C infection and/or interferon therapy. Physicians and
ophthalmologists should be alert to this potential but infrequent association as
the resultant visual loss is a significant potential complication that should be
discussed when obtaining informed consent for interferon treatment.

PMID: 20195039  [PubMed - in process]

20: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):143-6. 

Evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurements using optical
coherence tomography in patients with tobacco-alcohol-induced toxic optic
neuropathy.

Moura FC, Monteiro ML.

Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo,
Brazil.

Three patients with progressive visual loss, chronic alcoholism and tabagism
were submitted to a complete neuro-ophthalmic examination and to retinal nerve
fiber layer (RNFL) measurements using optical coherence tomography (OCT)
scanning. Two patients showed marked RNFL loss in the temporal sector of the
optic disc. However, a third patient presented RNFL measurements within or above
normal limits, based on the Stratus-OCT normative database. Such findings may be
due to possible RNFL edema similar to the one that may occur in the acute phase
of toxic optic neuropathies. Stratus-OCT was able to detect RNFL loss in the
papillomacular bundle of patients with tobacco-alcohol-induced toxic optic
neuropathy. However, interpretation must be careful when OCT does not show
abnormality in order to prevent diagnostic confusion, since overestimation of
RNFL thickness measurements is possible in such cases.

PMID: 20195038  [PubMed - in process]

21: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):137-42. 

Community rehabilitation of disabled with a focus on blind persons: Indian
perspective.

Jose R, Sachdeva S.

Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,
Government of India, Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi-110 108, India.

India, the largest democratic country in the world, is marching ahead strongly
on the growth and developmental front and is poised to be the leader in the
market economy. This role creates and increases far greater responsibilities on
us in ensuring that the benefit of the developmental cycle reaches each and
every citizen of this country, including the able and the disabled ones. It has
been enshrined in the Constitution of India to ensure equality, freedom,
justice, and dignity of all individuals and implicitly mandates an inclusive
society. With increase in consideration of quality parameters in all spheres of
life including availability, access, and provision of comprehensive services to
the disabled, it is pertinent to have a look on the contribution of government
in keeping the aspiration and commitment towards common people. The article
attempts to review the concept of rehabilitation for the disabled keeping a
focus on the blind person, and list out the activities, programs/schemes,
institutional structure and initiatives taken by the Government of India (GOI)
for the same and the incentives/benefits extended to blind persons. The article
concludes by reiterating the importance of individual need assessment and
mentioning new initiatives proposed on Low Vision services in the approved 11th
plan under National Programme for Control of Blindness (NPCB). The source of
information has been annual reports, notification and the approved 11th
five-year plan of GOI, articles published with key words like rehabilitation,
disability, assistive devices, low vision aids, and/or blind person through the
mode of Internet. Annexure provides a list of selected institutions in the
country offering Low Vision services compiled from various sources through
personal communication and an approved list of training institutes under NPCB,
GOI offering Low Vision training.

PMID: 20195037  [PubMed - in process]

22: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):131-6. 

Quantitative analysis of the Stratus optical coherence tomography fast macular
thickness map reports.

Domalpally A, Danis RP, Myers D, Kruse CN.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Fundus Photograph Reading
Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53717, USA.

The cross sectional optical coherence tomography images have an important role
in evaluating retinal diseases. The reports generated by the Stratus fast
macular thickness scan protocol are useful for both clinical and research
purposes. The centerpoint thickness is an important outcome measure for many
therapeutic trials related to macular disease. The data is susceptible to
artifacts such as decentration and boundary line errors and could be potentially
erroneous. An understanding of how the data is generated is essential before
utilizing the data. This article describes the interpretation of the fast
macular thickness map report, assessment of the quality of an optical coherence
tomography image and identification of the artifacts that could influence the
numeric data.

PMID: 20195036  [PubMed - in process]

23: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):125-30. 

Multiple transfused thalassemia major: ocular manifestations in a hospital-based
population.

Taneja R, Malik P, Sharma M, Agarwal MC.

Department of Ophthalmology, Din Dayal Upadhyay Hospital, Hari Nagar, New
Delhi-110 064, India.

PURPOSE: To study the ocular manifestations in multiple transfused
beta-thalassemia major patients and assess the ocular side-effects of iron
chelating agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective observational
study, 45 multiple transfused beta-thalassemia major children between six months
and 21 years of age were enrolled and assigned groups according to the treatment
regimens suggested. Group A received only blood transfusions, Group B blood
transfusions with subcutaneous desferrioxamine, Group C blood transfusions with
desferrioxamine and oral deferriprone and Group D blood transfusions with
deferriprone. Ocular status at the time of enrolment was documented. Subjects
were observed quarterly for one year for changes in ocular status arising due to
the disease process and due to iron chelation therapy. Children with
hemoglobinopathies other than beta-thalassemia major, congenital ocular
anomalies and anemia due to other causes were excluded. RESULTS: Ocular
involvement was observed in 58% of patients. Lenticular opacities were the most
common ocular finding (44%), followed by decreased visual acuity (33%). An
increased occurrence of ocular changes was observed with increase of serum
ferritin and serum iron levels as well as with higher number of blood
transfusions received. Desferrioxamine seemed to have a protective influence on
retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) mottling. Occurrence of lenticular opacities
and RPE degeneration correlated positively with use of desferrioxamine and
deferriprone respectively. Follow-up of patients for one year did not reveal any
change in ocular status. CONCLUSION: Regular ocular examinations can aid in
preventing, delaying or ameliorating the ocular complications of thalassemia.

PMID: 20195035  [PubMed - in process]

24: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):119-24. 

Coats' disease: an Indian perspective.

Rishi P, Rishi E, Uparkar M, Sharma T, Gopal L, Bhende P, Bhende M, Sen PR, Sen
P.

Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, 18, College
Road, Chennai-600 006, India.

AIM: To describe the clinical features, treatment and outcome patterns in 307
eyes with Coats' disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective chart review of
patients diagnosed with Coats' disease between January 1996 and January 2006
from a single referral center in southern India. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty
patients (307 eyes) with mean age of 15.67 years (range: Four months-80 years)
were included. Decreased vision (77%), unilateral affection (90%) and male
preponderance (83.4%) were chief presenting features. Anterior segment
involvement was seen in 67 (21.8%) eyes. Retinal telangiectasia were seen in 302
(99%) eyes, exudation in 274 (89%) eyes and retinal detachment in 158 (51.5%)
eyes. Four-quadrant disease was seen in 207 (67.2%) eyes. Visual acuity was
<20/200 in 249 (80.9%) eyes. One hundred and nine of 176 treated eyes (61.93%)
had favorable anatomical outcome; 207 of 280 eyes (74%) had an optimal
structural outcome. Seventeen (5.3%) eyes were enucleated. Complications
following treatment included phthisis bulbi (7%), neovascular glaucoma (5%),
epiretinal membrane (4.4%) and rubeosis iridis (4.4%). CONCLUSION: Indian
patients with Coats' disease have a high male predominance, the majority of whom
present with severe visual impairment and extensive four-quadrant exudation.
Unusual presentations such as pain, vitreous hemorrhage and a high incidence of
anterior segment involvement are distinctive to Indian eyes.

PMID: 20195034  [PubMed - in process]

25: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):115-8. 

Visual outcome of pars plana vitrectomy with intraocular foreign body removal
through sclerocorneal tunnel and sulcus-fixated intraocular lens implantation as
a single procedure, in cases of metallic intraocular foreign body with traumatic
cataract.

Mahapatra SK, Rao NG.

Vitreo Retinal Service, JPM Rotary Eye Hospital and Research Institute, Sec-6,
CDA, Bidanasi, Cuttack, Orissa-753 014, India.

AIM: To evaluate visual outcome following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and
intraocular foreign body (IOFB) removal through the sclerocorneal tunnel
combined with simultaneous cataract extraction and sulcus-fixated intraocular
lens (IOL) implantation as a single procedure in penetrating ocular trauma with
IOFB and traumatic cataract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen cases of
penetrating ocular trauma with retained IOFB and traumatic cataract who
underwent PPV, IOFB body removal and cataract extraction with posterior chamber
IOL (PCIOL) implantation in the same sitting, between June '04 and December '05
were retrospectively analyzed. All the foreign bodies were removed through the
sclerocorneal tunnel. RESULT: All the 18 patients were young males, with an
average follow-up period of 12 months. In 12 cases the foreign body was
intravitreal and in six cases it was intraretinal but extramacular. Thirteen
cases had a best corrected visual acuity ranging from 20/20 to 20/60 at their
last follow-up. Five cases developed retinal detachment due to proliferative
vitreoretinopathy (PVR) changes postoperatively and were subsequently managed by
surgery. CONCLUSION: Primary IOL implantation with combined cataract and
vitreo-retinal surgery is a safe option reducing the need for two separate
surgeries in selected patients with retained IOFB and traumatic cataract. This
combined procedure provides good visual outcome with early rehabilitation in
young working patients.

PMID: 20195033  [PubMed - in process]

26: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):109-13. 

Wavefront analysis and modulation transfer function of three multifocal
intraocular lenses.

Santhiago MR, Netto MV, Barreto J, Gomes BA, Schaefer A, Kara-Junior N.

Department of Cataract Surgery and Refractive Surgery, University of Sao Paulo,
Sao Paulo, Brazil.

PURPOSE: To evaluate wavefront performance and modulation transfer function
(MTF) in the human eye after the implantation of diffractive or refractive
multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a
prospective, interventional, comparative, nonrandomized clinical study.
Uncorrected distance and near visual acuity, and wavefront analysis including
MTF curves (iTrace aberrometer, Tracey Technologies, Houston, TX, USA) were
measured in 60 patients after bilateral IOL implantation with 6 months of
follow-up. Forty eyes received the diffractive ReSTOR (Alcon), 40 eyes received
the refractive ReZoom (Advanced Medical Optics) and 40 eyes, the Tecnis ZM900
(Advanced Medical Optics). The comparison of MTF and aberration between the
intraocular lenses was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by
the Dunn test when necessary. RESULTS: The mean uncorrected distance visual
acuity was similar in all three groups of multifocal IOLs. The ReSTOR group
provided better uncorrected near visual acuity than the ReZoom group (P<0.001),
but similar to the Tecnis group. Spherical aberration was significantly higher
in the ReZoom group (P=0.007). Similar MTF curves were found for the aspheric
multifocal IOL Tecnis and the spheric multifocal IOL ReSTOR, and both performed
better than the multifocal IOL ReZoom in a 5 mm pupil (P<0.001 at all spatial
frequencies). CONCLUSIONS: Diffractive IOLs studied presented similar MTF curves
for a 5 mm pupil diameter. Both diffractive IOLs showed similar spherical
aberration, which was significantly better with the full-diffractive IOL Tecnis
than with the refractive IOL ReZoom.

PMID: 20195032  [PubMed - in process]

27: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):105-8. 

Peribulbar anesthesia for cataract surgery: effect of lidocaine warming and
alkalinization on injection pain, motor and sensory nerve blockade.

Jaichandran V, Vijaya L, George RJ, InderMohan B.

Department of Anaesthesiology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya,
41/18, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai-600 006, Tamil Nadu, India.

AIM: To compare self-reported pain and efficacy of warmed, alkalinized, and
warmed alkalinized lidocaine with plain 2% lidocaine at room temperature for
peribulbar anesthesia in cataract surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Through a
prospective, single-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial 200 patients
were divided into four groups. They received either lidocaine at operating room
temperature 18 degrees C, control group (Group C), lidocaine warmed to 37
degrees C (Group W), lidocaine alkalinized to a pH of 7.09+/-0.10 (Group B) or
lidocaine at 37 degrees C alkalinized to a pH of 6.94+/-0.05 (Group WB). All
solutions contained Inj. Hyaluronidase 50 IU/ml. Pain was assessed using a 10-cm
visual analog score scale. Time of onset of sensory and motor blockade and time
to onset of postoperative pain were recorded by a blinded observer. RESULTS:
Mean pain score was significantly lower in Group B and WB compared with Group C
(P<0.001). Onset of analgesia was delayed in Group C compared with Group B
(P=0.021) and WB (P<0.001). Mean time taken for the onset of complete akinesia
and supplementation required for the block was significantly lower in Group B.
Time of onset of pain after operation was significantly earlier in Group W
compared with Group C (P=0.036). CONCLUSION: Alkalinized lidocaine with or
without warming produced less pain than lidocaine injected at room temperature.
Alkalinization enhances the effect of warming for sensory nerve blockade, but
warming does not enhance alkalinization, in fact it reduces the efficacy of
alkalinized solution for blocking the motor nerves in the eye.

PMID: 20195031  [PubMed - in process]

28: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2010 Mar-Apr;58(2):101-4. 

Masters theses from a university medical college: publication in indexed
scientific journals.

Dhaliwal U, Singh N, Bhatia A.

Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB
Hospital, University of Delhi, Delhi-95, India.

BACKGROUND: The thesis is an integral part of postgraduate medical education in
India. Publication of the results of the thesis in an indexed journal is
desirable; it validates the research and makes results available to researchers
worldwide. AIMS: To determine publication rates in indexed journals, of works
derived from theses, and factors affecting publication. SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
Postgraduate theses submitted over a five-year period (2001-05) in a university
medical college were analyzed in a retrospective, observational study. MATERIALS
AND METHODS: Data retrieved included name and gender of postgraduate student,
names, department and hierarchy of supervisor and co-supervisor(s), year
submitted, study design, sample size, and statistically significant difference
between groups. To determine subsequent publication in an indexed journal,
Medline search was performed up to December 2007. Statistical Analysis: Chi
square test was used to compare publication rates based on categorical
variables; Student's t-test was used to compare differences based on continuous
variables. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty theses were retrieved, forty-eight
(30%) were published. Papers were published 8-74 (33.7+/-17.33) months after
thesis submission; the postgraduate student was first author in papers from 26
(54%) of the published theses. Gender of the student, department of origin, year
of thesis submission, hierarchy of the supervisor, number and department of
co-supervisors, and thesis characteristics did not influence publication rates.
CONCLUSIONS: Rate of publication in indexed journals, of papers derived from
postgraduate theses is 30%. In this study we were unable to identify factors
that promote publication.

PMID: 20195030  [PubMed - in process]